dm:start
Differenze
Queste sono le differenze tra la revisione selezionata e la versione attuale della pagina.
| Entrambe le parti precedenti la revisioneRevisione precedenteProssima revisione | Revisione precedente | ||
| dm:start [30/11/2021 alle 08:25 (4 anni fa)] – [Exam DM1] Fosca Giannotti | dm:start [21/11/2025 alle 16:37 (5 giorni fa)] (versione attuale) – [FAQ] Fosca Giannotti | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Linea 1: | Linea 1: | ||
| - | < | + | ====== Data Mining A.A. 2025/26 ====== |
| - | <!-- Google Analytics --> | + | |
| - | <script type=" | + | |
| - | (function(i, | + | |
| - | (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)}, | + | |
| - | m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0]; | + | |
| - | })(window, | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ga(' | + | |
| - | ga(' | + | |
| - | ga(' | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ga(' | + | |
| - | ga(' | + | |
| - | setTimeout(" | + | |
| - | </ | + | |
| - | <!-- End Google Analytics --> | + | |
| - | <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics --> | + | |
| - | <script async src=" | + | |
| - | < | + | |
| - | window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; | + | |
| - | function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments); | + | |
| - | gtag(' | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | gtag(' | + | |
| - | </ | + | |
| - | <!-- Capture clicks --> | + | |
| - | < | + | |
| - | jQuery(document).ready(function(){ | + | |
| - | jQuery(' | + | |
| - | var fname = this.href.split('/' | + | |
| - | ga(' | + | |
| - | }); | + | |
| - | jQuery(' | + | |
| - | var fname = this.href.split('/' | + | |
| - | ga(' | + | |
| - | }); | + | |
| - | jQuery(' | + | |
| - | var fname = this.href.split('/' | + | |
| - | ga(' | + | |
| - | }); | + | |
| - | jQuery(' | + | |
| - | var fname = this.href.split('/' | + | |
| - | ga(' | + | |
| - | }); | + | |
| - | jQuery(' | + | |
| - | var fname = this.href.split('/' | + | |
| - | ga(' | + | |
| - | }); | + | |
| - | }); | + | |
| - | </ | + | |
| - | </ | + | |
| - | ====== Data Mining A.A. 2021/22 ====== | + | |
| ===== DM1 - Data Mining: Foundations (6 CFU) ===== | ===== DM1 - Data Mining: Foundations (6 CFU) ===== | ||
| Linea 61: | Linea 9: | ||
| * [[dino.pedreschi@unipi.it]] | * [[dino.pedreschi@unipi.it]] | ||
| - | * **Mirco Nanni** | + | * **Riccardo Guidotti** |
| - | * KDDLab, | + | * KDDLab, |
| - | * [[http://www-kdd.isti.cnr.it]] | + | * [[https:// |
| - | * [[mirco.nanni@isti.cnr.it]] | + | * [[riccardo.guidotti@di.unipi.it]] |
| Teaching Assistant | Teaching Assistant | ||
| - | * **Salvatore Citraro** | + | * **Alessio Cascione** |
| * KDDLab, Università di Pisa | * KDDLab, Università di Pisa | ||
| - | * [[http://www-kdd.isti.cnr.it]] | + | * [[https://www.linkedin.com/ |
| - | * [[salvatore.citraro@phd.unipi.it]] | + | * [[alessio.cascione@phd.unipi.it]] |
| ===== DM2 - Data Mining: Advanced Topics and Applications (6 CFU) ===== | ===== DM2 - Data Mining: Advanced Topics and Applications (6 CFU) ===== | ||
| Linea 79: | Linea 28: | ||
| * [[riccardo.guidotti@di.unipi.it]] | * [[riccardo.guidotti@di.unipi.it]] | ||
| + | Teaching Assistant | ||
| + | * **Alessio Cascione** | ||
| + | * KDDLab, Università di Pisa | ||
| + | * [[https:// | ||
| + | * [[alessio.cascione@phd.unipi.it]] | ||
| ====== News ====== | ====== News ====== | ||
| - | | + | |
| - | * [06.09.2021] The first lesson | + | * [07.10.2025] The lecture of Thursday |
| + | * [06.10.2025] Link to Project Groups Registration DM1 [25/26] (max 3 students for each group - access with your University of Pisa account, deadline 17/ | ||
| + | * [28.07.2025] Lectures | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| ====== Learning Goals ====== | ====== Learning Goals ====== | ||
| * DM1 | * DM1 | ||
| Linea 91: | Linea 52: | ||
| * Classification | * Classification | ||
| * Pattern Mining and Association Rules | * Pattern Mining and Association Rules | ||
| - | | + | |
| * DM2 | * DM2 | ||
| * Outlier Detection | * Outlier Detection | ||
| - | * Regression | + | * Dimensionality Reduction |
| - | * Advanced Classification | + | * Regression |
| + | * Advanced Classification | ||
| * Time Series Analysis | * Time Series Analysis | ||
| - | * Sequential Pattern Mining | ||
| - | * Advanced Clustering | ||
| * Transactional Clustering | * Transactional Clustering | ||
| - | | + | |
| ====== Hours and Rooms ====== | ====== Hours and Rooms ====== | ||
| Linea 110: | Linea 70: | ||
| ^ Day of Week ^ Hour ^ Room ^ | ^ Day of Week ^ Hour ^ Room ^ | ||
| - | | Monday | + | | Monday |
| - | | Thursday | + | | Thursday |
| **Office hours - Ricevimento: | **Office hours - Ricevimento: | ||
| - | * Prof. Pedreschi: Monday | + | * Prof. Pedreschi |
| - | * Prof. Nanni: appointment by email, Online | + | * Monday |
| + | * Room 318 Dept. of Computer Science or MS Teams | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Prof. Guidotti | ||
| + | * Thursday 16:00 - 18:00 or Appointment by email | ||
| + | * Room 363 Dept. of Computer Science or MS Teams | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | * Alessio Cascione | ||
| + | * Google Meet slot - https:// | ||
| + | * Alternative | ||
| | | ||
| Linea 125: | Linea 95: | ||
| ^ Day of Week ^ Hour ^ Room ^ | ^ Day of Week ^ Hour ^ Room ^ | ||
| - | | Monday | + | | Monday |
| - | | Wednesday | + | | Wednesday |
| **Office Hours - Ricevimento: | **Office Hours - Ricevimento: | ||
| - | * Room 268 Dept. of Computer Science | + | |
| - | * Tuesday: 15-17, Room: MS Teams | + | |
| - | * Appointment by email | + | |
| ====== Learning Material -- Materiale didattico ====== | ====== Learning Material -- Materiale didattico ====== | ||
| Linea 140: | Linea 109: | ||
| * Pang-Ning Tan, Michael Steinbach, Vipin Kumar. **Introduction to Data Mining**. Addison Wesley, ISBN 0-321-32136-7, | * Pang-Ning Tan, Michael Steinbach, Vipin Kumar. **Introduction to Data Mining**. Addison Wesley, ISBN 0-321-32136-7, | ||
| * [[http:// | * [[http:// | ||
| - | * I capitoli | + | * I capitoli |
| * Berthold, M.R., Borgelt, C., Höppner, F., Klawonn, F. **GUIDE TO INTELLIGENT DATA ANALYSIS.** Springer Verlag, 1st Edition., 2010. ISBN 978-1-84882-259-7 | * Berthold, M.R., Borgelt, C., Höppner, F., Klawonn, F. **GUIDE TO INTELLIGENT DATA ANALYSIS.** Springer Verlag, 1st Edition., 2010. ISBN 978-1-84882-259-7 | ||
| * Laura Igual et al.** Introduction to Data Science: A Python Approach to Concepts, Techniques and Applications**. 1st ed. 2017 Edition. | * Laura Igual et al.** Introduction to Data Science: A Python Approach to Concepts, Techniques and Applications**. 1st ed. 2017 Edition. | ||
| Linea 150: | Linea 119: | ||
| * The slides used in the course will be inserted in the calendar after each class. Most of them are part of the slides provided by the textbook' | * The slides used in the course will be inserted in the calendar after each class. Most of them are part of the slides provided by the textbook' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== FAQ ===== | ||
| - | | + | For the academic year 2025/2026, we make available a document containing **frequently asked questions (FAQs)** about the project at the end of the lecture. |
| + | Please consult this document first, as your question may already be answered there. | ||
| + | The FAQ will be updated regularly after each lecture with new relevant questions from students. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Check the document: | ||
| + | https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Recording past years ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link to past years recordings (incrementally updated with respect to the current lectures of the course) | ||
| + | |||
| + | https:// | ||
| ===== Software===== | ===== Software===== | ||
| - | * Python - Anaconda (3.7 version!!!): Anaconda is the leading open data science platform powered by Python. [[https:// | + | * Python - Anaconda (>3.7): Anaconda is the leading open data science platform powered by Python. [[https:// |
| * Scikit-learn: | * Scikit-learn: | ||
| * Pandas: pandas is an open source, BSD-licensed library providing high-performance, | * Pandas: pandas is an open source, BSD-licensed library providing high-performance, | ||
| + | |||
| + | Other softwares for Data Mining | ||
| * [[http:// | * [[http:// | ||
| * [[http:// | * [[http:// | ||
| - | * Didactic Data Mining [[http:// | + | * Didactic Data Mining [[http:// |
| - | ====== Class Calendar (2021/2022) ====== | + | ====== Class Calendar (2025/2026) ====== |
| ===== First Semester (DM1 - Data Mining: Foundations) ===== | ===== First Semester (DM1 - Data Mining: Foundations) ===== | ||
| - | ^ ^ Day ^ Room ^ Topic ^ Learning material | + | ^ ^ Day ^ Time ^ Room ^ Topic ^ Material |
| - | |1.| 16.09.2021 11: | + | | |
| - | |2.| 20.09.2021 | + | | | 18.09.2025 | | | No Lecture | | | |
| - | |3.| 23.09.2021 | + | | | 22.09.2025 | | | No Lecture |
| - | |4.| 27.09.2021 | + | | | 25.09.2025 | | | No Lecture | |
| - | |5.| 30.09.2021 11:00-12:45 | Aula Fib A1 | Lab: Data Understanding | + | |01.| 29.09.2025 | 09-11 | E | Overview, Introduction |
| - | |6.| 04.10.2021 | + | |02.| 02.10.2025 | 09-11 | E | The KDD process |
| - | |7. | 07.10.2021 | + | |03.| 06.10.2025 | 09-11 | E | Introduction to Python |
| - | | | < | + | | | 09.10.2025 | |
| - | |8. | 14.10.2021 | + | |04.| 13.10.2025 | 09-11 | E | Data Understanding | {{ :dm:01_dm1_data_understanding_2025_26.pdf | Data Understanding |
| - | | | < | + | |05.| 14.10.2025 | 09-11 | C1 | Data Preparation | {{ :dm:02_dm1_data_preparation_2025_26.pdf | Data Preparation}}, {{ :dm:03_dm1_data_similarity_2025_26.pdf | Data Similarity}} | Guidotti |
| - | |9. | 21.10.2021 | + | |04.| 16.10.2025 | 09-11 | E | Data Understanding |
| - | |10. | 25.10.2021 | + | |06.| 20.10.2025 | 09-11 | E | Data Similarity and Introduction to Clustering |
| - | |11. | 28.10.2021 | + | |07.| 23.10.2025 | 09-11 | E | Centroid-based |
| - | |12. | 04.11.2021 | + | |08.| 27.10.2025 | 09-11 | E | Hierarchical |
| - | |13. | 08.11.2021 | + | |09.| 27.10.2025 | 09-11 | E | Density-based Clustering |
| - | |14. | 11.11.2021 | + | |10.|03.11.2025 | 09-11 | E | Clustering |
| - | |15. | 15.11.2021 | + | |11.|04.11.2025 | 09-11 | C1 | Classification: Overview and K-Nearest Neighbours |
| - | |16. | 18.11.2021 | + | |12.|06.11.2025 | 09-11 | E | Classification: |
| - | |17. | 22.11.2021 | + | |13.|10.11.2025 | 09-11 | E | Classification: |
| + | |14.|13.11.2025 | 09-11 | E | Classification: | ||
| + | |15.|17.11.2025 | 09-11 | D5 | Classification: | ||
| + | |16.|18.11.2025 | 09-11 | C1 | Classification: | ||
| + | |17.|20.11.2025 | 09-11 | N1 | Classification | ||
| ===== Second Semester (DM2 - Data Mining: Advanced Topics and Applications) ===== | ===== Second Semester (DM2 - Data Mining: Advanced Topics and Applications) ===== | ||
| - | ^ ^ Day ^ Room ^ Topic ^ Learning material ^ Instructor | + | ^ ^ Day ^ Time ^ Room ^ Topic ^ Material |
| - | |1.| ??.02.2022 ??:00-??:00 | link teams | Introduction, | + | |01.| 18.02.2025 | 14-16 |A1| Overview, Imbalanced Learning |
| ====== Exams ====== | ====== Exams ====== | ||
| - | ===== Exam DM1 ====== | + | ** How and Where: ** |
| + | The exam will take place in oral mode only at the teacher' | ||
| + | The exam will be held online on the 420AA Data Mining course channel only at the request of the | ||
| + | student in accordance with current legislation. | ||
| - | The exam is composed | + | ** When: ** |
| + | The dates relating to the start of the three exams are/will be published on the online platform | ||
| + | https:// | ||
| + | various orals. The dates and slots to take the exam will be published on the course page by the end of | ||
| + | May. Each student must also register on https:// | ||
| + | In the event that the oral exam is not passed, it will not be possible to take it for 20 days. If the project is not considered sufficient, it must be carried out again on a new dataset or a very updated version of the current one. | ||
| - | | + | ** What: ** |
| - | + | The oral test will evaluate the practical understanding of the algorithms. The exam will evaluate three aspects. | |
| - | | + | - Understanding of the theoretical aspects of the topics |
| - | === Project 1 === | + | |
| - | - Assigned: 30/09/2021 | + | - Discussion of the project |
| - | - MidTerm Deadline: **21/11/2021** (half project required, i.e., Data understanding & Preparation and at least 2 clustering algorithms) | + | |
| - | - Final Deadline: **14/ | + | |
| - | - Data: choose between {{ : | + | |
| + | ** Final Mark: ** for 12-credit exam, the final mark will be obtained as the | ||
| + | average mark of DM1 and DM2. | ||
| + | *** Exams Registration Instructions for DM1*** | ||
| + | - Use the Google registration form: TBD if you cannot register on Esami on Data Mining for year 2025/ | ||
| + | - When the registration closes you will receive a link to the Agenda | ||
| + | - Register on the Agenda selecting day and time (do not change you choice or cancel, if you book you want to do the exam) | ||
| + | - Submit the project at least 1 week before the day you selected (or within 31/12 to get +0.5 extra mark) | ||
| + | ===== Exam Booking Periods ===== | ||
| + | * Exam portal link: [[https:// | ||
| + | * Registration Form: TBD | ||
| + | * 1st Appello: from TBD to TBD | ||
| + | * 2nd Appello: from TBD to TBD | ||
| + | * 3rd Appello: from TBD to TBD | ||
| + | * 4th Appello: from TBD to TBD | ||
| + | * 5th Appello: from TBD to TBD | ||
| + | * 6th Appello: from TBD to TBD | ||
| - | ===== Exam DM part II (DMA) ====== | ||
| - | ** Exam Rules** | + | ===== Exam DM1 ====== |
| - | * Rules for DM2 exam available {{ : | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | **Exam Booking Periods** | + | |
| - | * 3rd Appello: ??/??/2022 00:00 - ??/??/2022 23:59 | + | |
| - | * 4th Appello: ??/??/2022 00:00 - ??/??/2022 23:59 | + | |
| - | * 5th Appello: ??/??/2022 00:00 - ??/??/2022 23:59 | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | **Exam Booking Agenda** | + | |
| - | * Agenda Link: ??? | + | |
| - | * 3rd Appello: starts ??/??/ | + | |
| - | * 4th Appello: starts ??/??/ | + | |
| - | * 5th Appello: starts ??/??/ | + | |
| - | * Important! if you book in the agenda in data in days between ??/??/2022 and ??/??/2022 you MUST be registered for the 3rd appello, if you book in the agenda in data in days between ??/??/2022 and ??/??/2022 you must be registered for the 4th appello, if you book in the agenda in data in days after ??/??/2022 you must be registered for the 5th appello. | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | The link to the agenda for booking a slot for the exam is displayed at the end of the registration. | + | |
| - | During the exam the camera must remain open and you must be able to share your screen. For the exam could be required the usage of the Miro platform (https:// | + | |
| The exam is composed of two parts: | The exam is composed of two parts: | ||
| - | * A **project**, that consists in employing | + | * An **oral exam**, that includes: (1) discussing |
| - | * An **oral exam**, that includes: (1) discussing topics presented during the classes, including | + | * A **project**, that consists in exercises requiring the use of data mining tools for analysis of data. Exercises include: data understanding, |
| + | |||
| + | * **Dataset** | ||
| + | - Assigned: 15/ | ||
| + | - MidTerm Submission: 15/ | ||
| + | - Final Submission: 31/12/2025 (+0.5) one week before | ||
| + | - Dataset: Download here {{ : | ||
| - | | + | ** DM1 Project Guidelines |
| - | * Data can be downloaded here ??? | + | See {{ :dm:dm1_project_guidelines_25_26.pdf |}} |
| - | * Submission Draft 1: ??/??/2022 23:59 Italian Time (we expect Module 1 and Module 2) | + | |
| - | * Submission Draft 2: ??/??/2022 23:59 Italian Time (we expect Module 3) | + | |
| - | * Final Submission: one week before the oral exam. | + | |
| - | ** Project Guidelines ** | ||
| - | * **Module 1 - Introduction, | + | ===== Exam DM2 ====== |
| - | - Explore and prepare the dataset. You are allowed to take inspiration from the associated GitHub repository and figure out your personal research perspective (from choosing a subset of variables to the class to predict…). You are welcome in creating new variables and performing all the pre-processing steps the dataset needs. | + | |
| - | - Define one or more (simple) classification tasks and solve it with Decision Tree and KNN. You decide the target variable. | + | |
| - | - Identify the top 1% outliers: adopt at least three different methods from different families (e.g., density-based, | + | |
| - | - Analyze the value distribution of the class to predict with respect to point 2; if it is unbalanced leave it as it is, otherwise turn the dataset into an imbalanced version (e.g., 96% - 4%, for binary classification). Then solve the classification task using the Decision Tree or the KNN by adopting various techniques of imbalanced learning. | + | |
| - | - Draw your conclusions about the techniques adopted in this analysis. | + | |
| - | * **Module 2 - Advanced Classification Methods** | + | The exam is composed |
| - | - Solve the classification task defined in Module 1 (or define new ones) with the other classification methods analyzed during the course: Naive Bayes Classifier, Logistic Regression, Rule-based Classifiers, | + | |
| - | - Besides the numerical evaluation draw your conclusions about the various classifiers, | + | |
| - | - Select | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | * **Module 3 - Time Series Analysis** | + | |
| - | - Select the feature(s) you prefer and use it (them) as a time series. You can use the temporal information provided by the authors’ datasets, but you are also welcome in exploring the .mp3 files to build your own dataset of time series according to your purposes. You should prepare a dataset on which you can run time series clustering; motif/ | + | |
| - | - On the dataset created, compute clustering based on Euclidean/ | + | |
| - | - Analyze the dataset for finding motifs and/or anomalies. Visualize and discuss them and their relationship with other features. | + | |
| - | - Solve the classification task on the time series dataset(s) and evaluate each result. In particular, you should use shapelet-based classifiers. Analyze the shapelets retrieved and discuss if there are any similarities/ | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | * **Module 4 - Sequential Patterns and Advanced Clustering** | + | |
| - | - Sequential Pattern Mining: Convert the time series into a discrete format (e.g., by using SAX) and extract the most frequent sequential patterns (of at least length 3/4) using different values of support, then discuss the most interesting sequences. | + | |
| - | - Advanced Clustering: On a dataset already prepared for one of the previous tasks in Module 1 or Module 2, run at least one clustering algorithm presented in the advanced clustering lectures (e.g. X-Means, Bisecting K-Means, OPTICS). Discuss the results that you find analyzing the clusters and reporting external validation measures (e.g SSE, silhouette). | + | |
| - | - Transactional Clustering: By using categorical features, or by turning a dataset with continuous variables into a dataset with categorical variables (e.g. by using binning), run at least one clustering algorithm presented in the transactional clustering lectures (e.g. K-Modes, ROCK). Discuss the results that you find analyzing the clusters and reporting external validation measures (e.g SSE, silhouette). | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | * **Module 5 - Explainability (optional)** | + | |
| - | - Try to use one or more explanation methods (e.g., LIME, LORE, SHAP, etc.) to illustrate the reasons for the classification in one of the steps of the previous tasks. | + | |
| + | * An **oral exam**, that includes: (1) discussing the project report; (2) discussing topics presented during the classes, including the theory and practical exercises. | ||
| + | * A **project**, | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **Dataset** | ||
| + | - Assigned: 18/02/2026 | ||
| + | - MidTerm Submission: 07/05/2026 | ||
| + | - Final Submission: one week before the oral exam (complete project required). | ||
| + | - Dataset: TBD | ||
| + | ** DM2 Project Guidelines ** | ||
| + | See TBD. | ||
| - | N.B. When " | ||
| - | ====== Exam Dates ====== | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== Exam Sessions ===== | ||
| - | ^ Session ^ Date ^ Time ^ Room ^ Notes ^ Marks ^ | ||
| - | |1.|16.01.2019| 14:00 - 18:00| [[https:// | ||
| ===== Past Exams ===== | ===== Past Exams ===== | ||
| Linea 299: | Linea 278: | ||
| * Special issue of Crossroads - The ACM Magazine for Students - on Big Data Analytics {{: | * Special issue of Crossroads - The ACM Magazine for Students - on Big Data Analytics {{: | ||
| * Peter Sondergaard, | * Peter Sondergaard, | ||
| - | |||
| * Towards Effective Decision-Making Through Data Visualization: | * Towards Effective Decision-Making Through Data Visualization: | ||
| ====== Previous years ===== | ====== Previous years ===== | ||
| + | * [[dm_ds2024-25]] | ||
| + | * [[dm_ds2023-24]] | ||
| + | * [[dm.2022-23ds]] | ||
| + | * [[dm.2021-22ds]] | ||
| * [[dm.2020-21]] | * [[dm.2020-21]] | ||
| - | * [[dm.2019-20]] | + | |
| - | | + | * [[dm.2018-19]] |
| - | | + | * [[dm.2017-18]] |
| * [[dm.2016-17]] | * [[dm.2016-17]] | ||
| * [[dm.2015-16]] | * [[dm.2015-16]] | ||
| Linea 313: | Linea 295: | ||
| * [[dm.2012-13]] | * [[dm.2012-13]] | ||
| * [[dm.2011-12]] | * [[dm.2011-12]] | ||
| - | * [[dm.2010-11]] | ||
| - | * [[dm.2009-10]] | ||
| - | * [[dm.2008-09]] | ||
| - | * [[dm.2007-08]] | ||
| - | * [[dm.2006-07]] | ||
| - | * [[PhDWorkshop2011]] | ||
| - | * [[SNA.Ingegneria2011]] | ||
| - | * [[SNA.IMT.2011]] | ||
| - | * [[MAINS.SANTANNA.2011-12]] | ||
| - | * [[MAINS.SANTANNA.DM4CRM.2012]] | ||
| - | * [[MAINS.SANTANNA.DM4CRM.2016]] | ||
| - | * [[MAINS.SANTANNA.DM4CRM.2017 | Data Mining for Customer Relationship Management 2017]] | ||
| - | * [[MAINS.SANTANNA.DM4CRM.2018]] | ||
| - | * [[MAINS.SANTANNA.DM4CRM.2019]] | ||
| - | * [[SDM2018 | Instructions for camera ready and copyright transfer]] | ||
| - | * [[DM-SAM | Storie dell' | ||
| - | * [[DM-I40 | Master Industry 4.0]] | ||
dm/start.1638260751.txt.gz · Ultima modifica: 30/11/2021 alle 08:25 (4 anni fa) da Fosca Giannotti
